Investing

Tax-Loss Harvesting

Selling investments at a loss to offset capital gains taxes on other investments.

Definition

Tax-loss harvesting is a tax optimization strategy that involves selling investments that have declined in value to realize a capital loss, which can then be used to offset capital gains from other investments. If capital losses exceed capital gains, up to $3,000 of the excess can be deducted against ordinary income annually, with remaining losses carried forward to future years. The wash-sale rule prohibits repurchasing the same or "substantially identical" security within 30 days before or after the sale. Many robo-advisors automate tax-loss harvesting. This strategy is most beneficial for high-income investors in taxable accounts and can save thousands in taxes annually without significantly altering portfolio allocation.